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<title>Indecs Content Model</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main">indecs Content Model</span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Indecs" redirects here. For the journal title abbreviated to INDECS, see <a href="Interdisciplinary_Description_of_Complex_Systems" title="Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems"><i>Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems</i></a>.</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">

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<p><br>

<b>indecs</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (an acronym of "<a href="Interoperability" title="Interoperability">interoperability</a> of data in <a href="E-commerce" title="E-commerce">e-commerce</a> systems"; written in lower case) was a project partly funded by the <a href="European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">European Community</a> <i>Info 2000</i> initiative and by several organisations representing the music, rights, text publishing, authors, library and other sectors in 1998–2000, which has since been used in a number of <a href="Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a> activities. A final report and related documents were published; the indecs Metadata Framework document<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a concise summary.

</p><p>indecs provided an analysis of the requirements for metadata for e-commerce of <a href="Content_(media_and_publishing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Content (media and publishing)">content</a> (<a href="Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a>) in the network environment, focusing on <a href="Semantic_interoperability" title="Semantic interoperability">semantic interoperability</a>.

</p><p>indecs was built from a simple generic model of commerce (the "model of making"): a model of the <a href="Product_life_cycle_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Product life cycle management">life cycle</a> of any kind of content from conception to the final physical or <a href="Digital_copies" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital copies">digital copies</a>. Central to the analysis is the assumption that it is possible to produce a generic mechanism to handle complex metadata for all different types of content. So, for example, instead of treating sound carriers, books, videos and photographs as fundamentally different things with different (if similar) characteristics, they are all recognised as creations with different values of the same higher-level attributes, whose metadata can be supported in a common environment.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Framework">Framework</h2></div>

<p>The indecs framework underlines the importance of unique identification of all entities. It also raises the question of authority: the identification of the person making the claim is as significant as the identification of any other entity.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2></div>

<p>The indecs framework does not presuppose any specific business model or legal framework; it can be used to describe transactions involving copyrighted, open source, or freely available material. The framework has been further developed as a generic <a href="Ontology_(information_science)" title="Ontology (information science)">ontology</a>-based approach. Its main use to date has been in applications of commercial transactions of content and in some library-related applications. Developments include the OntologyX semantic engineering tools and services from Rightscom.com. The approach also has much in common with the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM), an ontology for cultural heritage information, and the <a href="Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records" title="Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records">Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records</a> (FRBR) model.

</p><p>One of the deliverables of the indecs project was a specification for a directory of parties. This led to a subsequent project, Interparty,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> funded under the <a href="European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>'s Information Society Technologies Programme, to design and specify a network to support interoperability of party identification (for both natural and corporate names) across different domains, building on the indecs principles. InterParty was not proposed as a replacement for existing schemes, but as a means of effecting their interoperation. Some of its conclusions have been used elsewhere, e.g., in the work on the proposed <a href="International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO ISNI</a> (<a href="International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">International Standard Name Identifier</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intellectual_property_rights">Intellectual property rights</h2></div>

<p>indecs does not attempt to replace intellectual property rights law, though a specific set of legal elements might be included in an indecs-based structure, and the indecs framework specifically includes some definitions of intellectual property rights from major international treaties such as the <a href="Berne_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Literary_and_Artistic_Works" class="mw-redirect" title="Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works">Berne Convention</a> and the <a href="WIPO_Copyright_Treaty" title="WIPO Copyright Treaty">WIPO Copyright Treaty</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cordis.europa.eu/econtent/mmrcs/indecs.htm">"CORDIS | European Commission"</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.doi.org/resources/indecs_framework_2000.pdf">https://www.doi.org/resources/indecs_framework_2000.pdf</a> "Principles, model and data dictionary"</span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interparty.org/">"Home"</a>. <i>interparty.org</i>.</cite></span>

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